Oil Sanctions Have Made Russia’s Shadow Fleet Swell

Restrictions have made it costlier for Russia to ship oil by sea. But they have also expanded the illicit shipping economy, with lasting consequences.

Sep 21, 2025 - 09:30
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Oil Sanctions Have Made Russia’s Shadow Fleet Swell
Restrictions have made it costlier for Russia to ship oil by sea. But they have also expanded the illicit shipping economy, with lasting consequences.

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